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What Is an HBCU?
An HBCU is a Historically Black College or University: an accredited institution established before 1964 whose principal mission was, and remains, the education of Black Americans. HBCUs welcome students of every background.
How many HBCUs are there?
There are about 100 HBCUs across the United States, including public and private universities, community colleges, and schools of law and medicine. See the full list of HBCUs by state.
Why HBCUs matter
HBCUs make up about 3% of U.S. colleges and universities, yet their impact reaches far beyond their size. According to UNCF's 2025 Annual Report, HBCUs generate $16.5 billion in direct economic impact and 136,048 jobs, produce about half of Black educators, and are especially successful at moving students from the bottom 40% of the income distribution to the top 60%.
HBCU students also report a strong sense of belonging: 83% feel part of their campus community, compared with 73% nationally (UNCF, "The HBCU Effect").
Sources: UNCF 2025 Annual Report; UNCF with the Healthy Minds Network and The Steve Fund, "The HBCU Effect."
Frequently asked questions
Can anyone attend an HBCU?
Yes. HBCUs welcome students of all races and backgrounds.
What was the first HBCU?
Cheyney University of Pennsylvania, founded in 1837, is widely recognized as the first HBCU.
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ASK DR. HBCULast updated October 2026. Information can change; always confirm details with each institution.